Lincoln and Cadillac had a common founder: the stern, patrician Henry Martyn Leland, "Master of Precision." Leland and his associates formed Cadillac in 1902 from the stays of the Henry Ford Company -- which is why his first Cadillac and the first manufacturing Ford, each named Mannequin A, are so related. William C. Durant bought Cadillac in 1909 for his burgeoning General Motors. Leland, meantime, went off to build Liberty aircraft engines throughout World Battle I. Then, with son Wilfred, he returned to the automobile business by forming Lincoln -- named for the U.S. At first, Ford Motor Firm did little to change or update the Lincoln Mannequin L that Leland had designed round 1920. Powered by a 385-cid V-eight with ninety brake horsepower, it was beautifully constructed and handsomely furnished. But by 1930 it was an anachronism: unfashionably upright and sluggish next to contemporary Cadillacs, Packards, and Chrysler Imperials. Its new 145-inch-wheelbase chassis carried a modernized, 120-bhp V-eight that retained "fork-and-blade" rods and three-piece cast-iron block/crankcase meeting, Leland engineering options that let advertisements dwell lovingly on "precision-built" high quality.

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